The Experiences of Rural Areas and Culture of Minority Groups

The experiences of different groups in rural settings are of significant importance to the study of rural geography itself. In particular, the experiences of both young people and travellers, often labelled as others, are important in the way they provide a different perspective on rural spaces and cultures from the common `productivist and `idyllic cultural views. However, because they are minority groups and different from the normal majority, young people and travellers experience significant stereotyping from countryside cultures. This impacts on their experiences of rural space and culture. In rural settings, young peoples experiences are predominantly `nature and agriculture based, but can also be heavily influenced by†¦show more content†¦Many urban children have similar experiences of rural space and culture. An urban youth recalled seeing `cats, animals, grass, lots of trees and gates on his drives through the country (McCormack, 2000: 15). Despite his experiences lacking the natural or agricultural depth that rural children enjoy, they show that even those youths that have little interaction with rurality can understand and partake in the more idyllic countryside notions. The same interviewee also drew his family engaged in a game of cricket while on a picnic in the country, surrounded by animals and trees. He related such experiences to the idea of spaciousness, explaining that residents could just `walk outside and go into one of the open fields in order to play a game of cricket or have a picnic. Obviously the more sophisticated notions of rurality are lacking in these limited experiences but the essential components are there, illustrating that most children have had some experience of countryside spaces and cultures. Travellers, another minority group, also have a number of different experiences of rural space and culture. Their historic need to move has meant they have developed a highly mobile way of life that ensures they only stay in one place for a short period of time. Thus they experience very different lifestyles from the sedentary majority. DependingShow MoreRelatedNegative Effects Of Postpartum Depression1612 Words   |  7 Pagesethnic minority women with a lower socioeconomic status (SES). Prevalence Postpartum period represents a time of considerable stress, one that has been assumed to associate with the onset of depression especially in vulnerable women (Campbell, p. 594). Postpartum impacts parental psychopathology on the baby with risk factors because the infant is dependent on the caregivers and becomes vulnerable to unresponsiveness or rejection that has been associated with PPD. 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Persuasive Speech - 1641 Words

Laura Boreen Neilson Intro to Public Speaking 14 November 2010 Persuasive Speech Reduce Landfill Waste by Reduce, Reuse and Recycling and the financial benefits I. Introduction A. Attention Getter: Over half of the waste that ends up in the landfill does not belong there because it could have been recycled or reused. B. Credibility Statement: Not only do I religiously practice reducing, reusing, and recycling, but I have done a great deal of research for this speech, also research for a recycling project in my Human Concerns Class. C. Significance/Identification Statement: The survey that I conducted with this class concluded that every one of us acknowledges that recycling is beneficial, yet only 60%, a little†¦show more content†¦For example, using a leftover coffee can for loose nails or screws, or even washing and reusing a plastic zip-loc bag instead of throwing it in the garbage. Thrift shopping is a way of reusing someone else’s unwanted goods. 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Occupational Health Psychology Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

What is Occupational Health Psychology and what can it offer administrations and employees? Occupational Health Psychology harmonizing to M. Colman ( 2009 ) is a field ofA appliedA psychological science, at the interface ofA occupationalA psychologyA andA healthA psychological science, concerned with the application ofA psychologyA to bettering the quality of work experience and with the protection and publicity of theA wellness, safety, and wellbeing of people in work. It emerged as an independent field in the late ninetiess. We will write a custom essay sample on Occupational Health Psychology Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Duncan et Al. ( 2004 ) reported that at least one individual is killed and over 6,000 are injured at work every working twenty-four hours in the UK. They besides claimed that in the UK, absenteeism is bing employers ?13 billion a twelvemonth. Modernization and competitory challenges workers face presents increased the emphasiss and unwellnesss. Therefore, the intent of occupational wellness psychological science is to advance wellness and safety for employers, employees and their households. Specific jobs in the workplace including emphasis and burnout, workplace intimidation, accidents, carpal tunnel syndrome and malignant neoplastic disease. What can Occupational Health Psychology offer? Occupational wellness psychological science can offer to both administrations and employees. For cases: occupational wellness and safety jurisprudence, psychosocial jeopardies and wellbeing at workplace and pull offing emphasis in administrations. The Health and Safety Executive ( HSE ) is the chief organic structure of responsible for implementing statute law and supplying counsel on wellness and safety in the workplace in the UK. The HSE screens offices, mills, edifice sites, mines and preies, fairgrounds, railroads, chemical workss, offshore and atomic installings, schools and infirmaries. ( Duncan et al. , 2004 ) Administrations are another organic structure that are responsible to supply wellness and safety in the workplace. Administrations should hold hazard appraisal helps to protect their workers and their concern, every bit good as comply with the jurisprudence. It helps them concentrate on the hazards that truly matter – the 1s with the possible to do existent injury ( HSE ) . Besides, for employees, they should do certain that they got wellness and safety under control. Post-traumaticA stressA upset harmonizing to M. Colman ( 2009 ) isA anA anxietyA disorderA originating as a delayed and protracted response after sing or witnessing aA traumaticA event affecting existent or threatened decease or serious hurt to self or others. A research had been done by Lunt et. Al ( 2004 ) on Literature Review of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder amongst Rail Workers. Suicides under trains are the strongest factor doing rail workers to hold PTSD. In short, this research suggested few attacks illustration leting employees for natural recovery and ill leave. Besides, it is a great thought to provide a voluntary footing â€Å" Buddy Support System † . â€Å" Buddies † should be acquainted with the psychological boundaries within which they are expected to present â€Å" psychological first assistance † . Stress harmonizing to M. Colman ( 2009 ) is a psychological and physical strain or tenseness generated by physical, emotional, societal, economic, or occupational fortunes, events, or experiences that are hard to pull off or digest. Whereas, burnout is anA acuteA emphasis upset or reaction characterized by exhaustion ensuing from overwork, with anxiousness, weariness, insomnia, depression, and damage in work public presentation. Stress and burnout caused from working had a great impact on employees, their households and administrations. The undermentioned parties may play a function in a emphasis direction undertaking ( Schabracq, 2001 ) : the employees, the employer, the director, the human resources, the occupational wellness co-ordinator, the occupational wellness adviser, the occupational wellness doctor, the company public assistance worker, the employees ‘ representative and attention systems outside of the administrations. The employees need to cognize their jobs and hap pen solution to work out it without conveying emphasis from work to place and frailty versa. The employers and directors in other manus should oversee the employees ‘ well-being and play an of import function of carry oning stress bar. Equally good as, administration should unify with audiences e.g. occupational wellness doctor from exterior of administration for their aid. Workplace strong-arming harmonizing to Heery ( 2008 ) is any behavior that intimidates an employee, taking to feelings of humiliation, deficiency of dignity, or insufficiency. The effects of workplace intimidation are estimated to be responsible for ( between one tierce to a half ) of all stress-related unwellness ( Ellis, 2003 ) . Employees being bullied should collar the affair to their administrations. Equally good as, the administrations should be cognizant of any intimidation happen within the workplaces and put up a policy against intimidation and force. Accidents such as stealing and stumbling are the most common cause of hurts at work, bing employers over ?300 million a twelvemonth in lost production and related costs. ( Duncan et. Al, 2004 ) . To cut down these hurts, administrations should aware of the care review. Employees should besides be provided with wellness and safety information and written instructions. Furthermore, administrations should besides supervise to do certain that the on the job country is safe. Table IIDB02 below was taken from HSE web site: Prescribed industrial diseases ; non – lung diseases in Great Britain by disease 1995-2008 Great Britain Disease Disease No 1995/96 1996/97 1997/98 1998/99 1999/2000 2000/01 2001/02 ( vitamin D ) Musculoskeletal ( B ) A4 – A8 870 ( 520 ) 765 ( 480 ) 600 ( 375 ) 465 ( 290 ) 430 ( 305 ) 375 ( 265 ) 360 ( 245 ) Occupational hearing loss A10 530 n/a 415 n/a 260 ( 10 ) 315 ( 5 ) 225 – 265 – 265 – Vibration white finger A11 3015 ( 10 ) 3290 ( 25 ) 3035 ( 15 ) 3155 ( 10 ) 3210 ( 5 ) 3315 ( 10 ) 2425 ( 10 ) Carpal tunnel syndrome A12 265 ( 60 ) 295 ( 50 ) 400 ( 55 ) 480 ( 70 ) 475 ( 55 ) 600 ( 80 ) 795 ( 80 ) Allergic Rhinitis D4 720 ( 40 ) 350 ( 25 ) 200 ( 10 ) 135 ( 10 ) 80 ( 10 ) 90 ( 10 ) 75 ( 5 ) Dermatitis D5 330 ( 80 ) 335 ( 90 ) 270 ( 70 ) 220 ( 55 ) 210 ( 55 ) 205 ( 55 ) 170 ( 45 ) Others A 80 ( 15 ) 85 ( 10 ) 85 ( 15 ) 75 ( 10 ) 60 ( 5 ) 65 ( 5 ) 55 ( 5 ) Entire A 5810 A 5535 A 4845 A 4845 A 4690 A 4920 A 4145 A Beginning: DWP Great Britain Disease Disease No 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 Musculoskeletal ( B ) A4 – A8 390 ( 235 ) 345 ( 200 ) 370 ( 230 ) 245 ( 145 ) 215 ( 125 ) 255 ( 130 ) Occupational hearing loss A10 335 ( 5 ) 330 ( 5 ) 255 ( 5 ) 210 – 175 – 215 – Vibration white finger A11 1775 ( 10 ) 1015 ( 5 ) 865 – 645 – 515 ( 5 ) 1005 – Carpal tunnel syndrome A12 1030 ( 95 ) 820 ( 90 ) 675 ( 65 ) 520 ( 55 ) 435 ( 45 ) 530 ( 65 ) Allergic Rhinitis D4 100 ( 5 ) 90 ( 10 ) 90 ( 10 ) 50 ( 5 ) 45 ( 10 ) 40 ( 5 ) Dermatitis D5 200 ( 50 ) 170 ( 35 ) 165 ( 50 ) 145 ( 35 ) 115 ( 35 ) 105 ( 20 ) Others A 65 ( 10 ) 75 ( 10 ) 65 ( 10 ) 60 ( 10 ) 75 ( 15 ) 70 ( 15 ) Entire A 3895 A 2845 A 2490 A 1880 A 1575 A 2215 A Beginning: DWP This shows that there was tonss of industrial disease normally happened to those employees working in building sites, working with machinery or even those who were sitting at their work Stationss. This tabular array besides proves that business wellness psychological science and HSE had successfully reduced the sum of instances each twelvemonth. Carpal tunnel syndrome is a nervus upset which may affect hurting, prickling, numbness and failing in parts of the manus, and can be caused by, among other things, exposure to quiver ( HSE, 2008 ) . In order to cut down this syndrome, administrations should be cognizant of the wellness and safety of their employees. In add-on, administrations should besides corroborate that the tools and machineries are good maintained. Cancer due to work such as lung and vesica malignant neoplastic disease, Gates ( 2004 ) refers to the surveies conducted by research workers from the Environmental Epidemiology Unit at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The research workers studied the degrees of lung or vesica malignant neoplastic disease hazard following exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( PAHs ) . PAHs increased the hazard among workers exposed to diesel for case. This circumstance will alarm administrations to cut down the exposure degrees and control wellness hazard of their employees. Decision In conformity to the researches gathered as above, there are so many advantages of Occupational Health Psychology offering both administrations and employees as to keep their wellness, wellbeing and safety at working topographic points. Occupational Health Psychology helps to cut down emphasis, psychosocial jeopardy, unwellness, accidents, hurts etc. Harmonizing to Analysis of Compensation Claims Related to Health and Safety Issues ( System Concepts, 2003 ) , they stated that cause of accidents including faux pass, trips ( 16 % ) manual handling ( 10 % ) and exposure to resound ( 7.6 % ) taking to strive, sprains and hearing loss. The mean cost of these claims was faux pass, trips and falls ( ?4,222 ) , manual handling ( ?4,325 ) and exposure to resound ( ?1,782 ) . This analysis besides recommended few suggestions for farther research including utilizing the findings of this research to advance farther accident decrease and raising consciousness of hazard amongst employees. Administrations can besides carry on Employee Assistance Programs ( Cooper, 2003 ) . EAP is a systematic, organized and go oning proviso of guidance, advice and aid funded by the employer particularly for stress employees. As we can see, there is been tonss of instances, hurts, accidents, psychosocial jeopardies etc. happened throughout the twelvemonth at working topographic points. Stress is the major result of action. Results show that any unwellnesss, accidents etc. will take to emphasize and burnout and frailty versa, emphasis at first phase can take to burnout, depression, unwellnesss, accidents etc. Therefore, future monitoring, supervising and cooperation from both administrations and employees are much needed. If instances can be reduced, this will lend to the success, cut down the costs of claims, increase public presentation and happier life to both parties and their households. Mentions List â€Å" burnoutA n. † A A A Dictionary of Psychology. Edited by Andrew M. Colman. Oxford University Press 2009.A Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press.A A University of Bedfordshire.A A 15 November 2009A A hypertext transfer protocol: //0-www.oxfordreference.com.brum.beds.ac.uk/views/ENTRY.html? subview=Main A ; entry=t87.e1199 Cooper, C. ( 2003 ) ‘Employee Assistance Programs ‘ in Quick, J A ; Tetrick, L ( explosive detection systems. ) Handbook of Occupational Health Psychology. Washington: APA, pp.289-304 Duncan, M. , et Al ( 2004 ) Health and safety At Work Necessities: Revised amp ; Expanded. 3rdedn. London: Lawpack Publishing Limited. Ellis, P. ( 2003 ) ‘Bullying and Victimisation at Work ‘ ‘Occupational Safety A ; Health Journal ‘ , grand 2003 pp.40-42 Gates, E. ( 2004 ) ‘Cancer and Work ‘ ‘Occupational Safety A ; Health Journal ‘ , May 2004 pp.18-21. HSE ( 2003 ) Analysis of compensation claims related to wellness and safety issues. Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr070.pdf ( Accessed: 15 November 2009 ) HSE ( 2008 ) Hand-Arm Vibration: Advice for Employees. Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg296.pdf ( Accessed: 14 November 2009 ) HSE ( no day of the month ) Health and safety: Acquiring started. Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.hse.gov.uk/aboutus/meetings/iacs/sbtaf/170407/gettingstarted.pdf ( Accessed: 15 November 2009 ) HSE ( no day of the month ) Table IIDB02: Prescribed industrial diseases ; non – lung diseases in England, Wales and Scotland by disease ( a ) 1995-2008. Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/tables/iidb02.htm ( Accessed: 14 November 2009 ) Lunt ( 2004 ) Literature Review of Post Traumatic StressDisorder amongst Rail Workers Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.hse.gov.uk/research/hsl_pdf/2004/hsl0416.pdf ( Accessed: 15 November 2009 ) â€Å" occupational wellness psychologyA n. † A A A Dictionary of Psychology. Edited by Andrew M. Colman. Oxford University Press 2009.A Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press.A A University of Bedfordshire.A A 13 November 2009A A hypertext transfer protocol: //0-www.oxfordreference.com.brum.beds.ac.uk/views/ENTRY.html? subview=Main A ; entry=t87.e9206 â€Å" post-traumatic emphasis disorderA n. † A A A Dictionary of Psychology. Edited by Andrew M. Colman. Oxford University Press 2009.A Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press.A A University of Bedfordshire.A A 15 November 2009A A hypertext transfer protocol: //0-www.oxfordreference.com.brum.beds.ac.uk/views/ENTRY.html? subview=Main A ; entry=t87.e6509 â€Å" pneumoconiosisA n. † A A A Dictionary of Nursing. Oxford University Press, 2008.A Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press.A A University of Bedfordshire.A A 14 November 2009A A hypertext transfer protocol: //0-www.oxfordreference.com.brum.beds.ac.uk/views/ENTRY.html? subview=Main A ; entry=t62.e7112 Schabracq, M. , et Al ( 2001 ) Occupational Health Psychology: the Challenge of Workplace Stress. Leicester: BPS Books. â€Å" stressA n. † A A A Dictionary of Psychology. Edited by Andrew M. Colman. Oxford University Press 2009.A Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press.A A University of Bedfordshire.A A 15 November 2009A A lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //0-www.oxfordreference.com.brum.beds.ac.uk/views/ENTRY.html? subview=Main A ; entry=t87.e8038 gt ; â€Å" workplace intimidation † A A A Dictionary of Human Resource Management. Edmund Heery and Mike Noon. Oxford University Press, 2008.A Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press.A A University of Bedfordshire.A A 15 November 2009A A hypertext transfer protocol: //0-www.oxfordreference.com.brum.beds.ac.uk/views/ENTRY.html? subview=Main A ; entry=t162.e1422 Question 2: Research indicates that work can hold a negative impact on the wellness of employees. When compared with unemployed people, nevertheless, persons who are employed are by and large healthier. Critically discuss supplying illustrations of research to back up your statement. Introduction Work can hold both positive and negative impact on the wellness of employees. The negative impact psychological and physical for cases emphasis, force per unit area and chronic unwellnesss. Hockey ( 2002 ) claimed that care of undertaking ends is threatened by inordinate work load and environmental conditions. Excessive work load may do emphasis and force per unit area to employees. This shows that work load may take to emphasize and therefore it cut down work quality. Relationship between facets of work and wellness jobs It is clear that there are legion factors in people ‘s occupation and their work scenes which may make both psychological ( emotional ) and physical strain ( O’Driscoll, 2002 ) . Harmonizing to Jones ( 2001 ) , largest figure of surveies has considered the relationship between these work stressors and cardiovascular disease, blood force per unit area and cold. For case agriculture emphasis ; it involved a combination of physical and mental wellness effects such as work load issues and farming patterns ( HSE ) . Farmers are besides be givening to lose a batch of energy and excessively much exposure to the sunshine. Besides, air flight cabin crew ; they are more hazardous to acquire chest and tegument malignant neoplastic disease due to ionizing radiation. Another illustration, is learning as a profession. Schamer and Jackson ( 1996 ) cited by Greenglass ( 2003 ) describes that instructors are affected by occupation burnout due to workload and emphasize, ensuing in negativ e attitudes towards pupils, loss of energy and instability public presentation. Harmonizing to DWP ( 2005 ) people usually spend 35-60 % of wakeful yearss at work and 28 million working yearss lost attributed to work related illness. However, by working, it provides an chance to advance and better wellness. Relationships between unemployment and wellness ailments In conformity to Warr ( 1987 ) , research into unemployment and wellness has frequently been cross-sectional, comparing a group of people who are at the clip are unemployed with similar people who are in paid work. Such comparing on a regular basis shows that employed people are much healthier. Some unemployed people will kick that they feel really useless, lost of dignity, lost of self-pride, no money to back up themselves and their households etc. Research into occupation loss and go oning unemployment significantly impairs mental wellness ( Warr, 1987 ) . Furthermore, unemployment will increase the impact on physical wellness. Feeling useless, lost of ego regard and emphasis, these people will get down to make harmful behaviors such as intoxicant ingestion, smoke and even the worst suicide effort. No money for unemployment will do them to cut down their nutrient consumption and this cause poorness. Some instances they will get down to pretermit their kids and divorce. Peoples who are long-run unemployed or who have ne’er worked are between two to three times more likely to hold hapless wellness than those in work ( Arthritis Care, 2006 ) . Work has benefits Work has many benefits ; people gain money to back up themselves and others from working. Earlier authors such as F.W Taylor, believed in economic sciences need motivation- ‘money is a incentive ‘ ( Mullins, 2007 ) . In add-on, harmonizing to DWP ( 2005 ) , people who are healthy tend to be more economically active and people who are economically active tend to be healthier. In contrast, Jahoda ( 1982 ) give an illustration of grounds from many studies that people want to work, even if it were non an economic necessity. Furthermore harmonizing to her once more, non all the unemployed live in poorness ; non all the hapless are unemployed. The Jobless environment by Warr ( 1987 ) explained nine environmental characteristics including chance of control, chance for accomplishment usage, handiness of money, physical security, chance for interpersonal contact, valued societal place. Opportunity control shows that unemployed people have lesser opportunities to make up one’s mind their ain chosen ways. Opportunity for accomplishment usage demonstrates that unemployed people are limited to demo their accomplishments and endowments and they had no opportunity to better and larn new accomplishments. Unemployment had reduced the income and handiness of money. Studies ( cited from Smith, 1980 ) showed that unemployed people systematically indicate that deficit of money is viewed as the greatest beginning of personal and household jobs ) . Physical security is good linked with handiness of money because if person had less income, it means there is less security at place for illustration. Last, chance for interpersonal conta ct and valued societal place will cut down if person loss his/her occupation. Unemployed individual will loss self-pride and prone to remain off from societal life. In other manus, all of these illustrations of environmental characteristics by Warr, are opposite to employed people. Employed people had many opportunities of make up one’s minding their ain ways and thoughts. They besides had opportunities to construct up ego regard, self assurance, bettering accomplishments and larn new things. Furthermore, employed people had handiness of money therefore, they had a really unafraid physical and life. Finally, they are besides had a greater societal networking and interpersonal contact with households, employers, co-workers and communities. Decision In conformity to the researches and authors above we can reason that that working have both negative impact on the wellness of employees. Positive impacts such as happier life, derive money, obtain self assurance and ego regard, great physical security, handiness to interpersonal contact and communicating with others. Unlike negative impacts that conveying lesser happier life, cut downing self esteem, cut downing income etc. In footings of wellness, working people had a greater opportunity of acquiring emphasis, mental illness and working-related unwellness. However, it is different between working-related unwellness and non. It is because ; working people had emphasis due to workload and physical unwellness due to the occupation range. But in the terminal, working people gain wages after that and this leads to occupation satisfaction. Example: wage, acknowledgment, publicity and congratulations from employers. It depends on each of persons need and what they want from working. Harmonizing to Maslow ‘s demand hierarchy: the most of import demand for people is physiological. Physiological demand is link to pay, because by acquiring salary, we can purchase nutrient ( Mullins, 2007 ) . Furthermore, they can acquire aid from employers, companies benefits, compensations and claims, ill foliages whenever they got ill or chronic unwellnesss. Whereas, for unemployed people, they are stress because they loss their occupation or got retrenched and unable to back up themselves and their households. They besides had limited life manner and experience awkward to be in the center of society. If they got chronic unwellness, this is a major job because they can non pay to bring around their unwellness. In short, we can see that employed people are by and large healthier ( in footings of psychological science ) and physically than unemployed people. Mentions list Arthritis Care ( 2006 ) Benefits of working. Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.arthritiscare.org.uk/LivingwithArthritis/Workingwitharthritis/Benefitsofworking ( Accessed: 17 November 2009 ) DWP ( 2005 ) Health, Work and Wellbeing-Caring For Our Future. Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.hse.gov.uk/campaigns/conferences/wellbeing/2.pdf ( Accessed: 17 November 2009 ) Hockey, R. ( 2002 ) ‘Human Performance in the Working Environment ‘ in Warr, P ( ed. ) Psychology at Work. England: Penguin Books, pp.26-50 HSE ( no day of the month ) Farmers, Farm Workers and Work-Related Stress. Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sro.hse.gov.uk/View_Article.aspx? id=92 ( Accessed: 15 November 2009 ) Jahoda, M. ( 1982 ) Employment and Unemployment. Cambridge: Imperativeness Syndicate. Jones, F. and Bright J. , ( 2001 ) Stress: Myth, Theory and Research. England: Pearson Education. Mullins, L. ( 2007 ) Management and Organisational Behaviours. 8th edn. England: Pearson Education. O’Driscoll, P et. Al. ( 2002 ) ‘Job-related Stress and Burnout ‘ in Warr, P ( ed. ) Psychology at Work. England: Penguin Books, pp.203-228 Warr, P. ( 1987 ) Work Unemployment and Mental Health. United States: Oxford University Press. How to cite Occupational Health Psychology Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

My Box by Gillian Clarke Essay Example For Students

My Box by Gillian Clarke Essay The poem My Box written by Gillian Clarke is about a gift of a box from a man to a woman. The writer thinks that a box is a much better gift than any thing. Here I am trying to explain why she thinks that. My box is made of golden oak, my lovers gift to me Clarke introduces two characters here, the lover and the narrator. He fitted hinges and a lock of brass and a bright key. When I read this, it seems as if a word is missing between bright and key. This may be deliberate to emphasize the youthfulness of the writer at this point in the poem. He made it out of winter nights, sanded and oiled and planed, engraved inside a heavy lid in brass, a golden tree. This means that the man spent a lot of time on the box because and was emphasized three times. In the second stanza, the poet describes what the woman has done with the box. In my box are twelve black books where I have written down how we have sanded, oiled and planed, planted a garden, built a wall, seen jays and gold crests, rare red kites, found the wild heartsease, drilled a well, harvested apples and words and days and planted a golden tree. This whole stanza is written as a list to tell us what they did as a couple. In my box are twelve black books These are presumably her whole memories written down in books, like a diary. It also shows how short life is, because her whole life with as a couple is written in twelve books, which probably meaning the twelve months of a year. Each of the things in the list was metaphor to what normally happens in a relationship. For instance built a wall would be; perhaps, they had bought their own secure home. Planted a golden tree would be to signify life; perhaps they had children and prospered. In the third stanza, it is obvious that the writer is writing as an older person, because it mentions death. On an open shelf I keep my box. Its key is in the lock This means that the box is accessible to those who want to read it. So the black books arent necessarily diaries because they are to be read and for people to read so theyll know how much the couple was in love. I leave it there for you to read, or them, when we are dead The you mentioned in the line is probably directed to her husband, which is quite unconventional because it is believed that husbands die before the wives, and she is saying the opposite. Them is directed to the children, who perhaps havent grown up yet. How everything is slowly made. she is probably referring to the relationship and how it took a long time to make it real. How slowly things made me, a tree, a lover, words, a box, books and a golden tree. She is saying how all these things have made her a person. A tree stands for a possible family tree, having continuity in her life. A lover means the good and bad experiences that couples generally have. Words means what you say to people and how they affect you and them. It also says that words were harvested, in the last stanza. A box means her whole life with her partner and her experiences. Books are the twelve books that she has written in which shows her memories. The Golden tree is the core of the poem, it is a metaphor for love and how was nurtured from a seed, faces the good and bad experiences and how it flourishes into something beautiful. .uce5b63335e4d4457576e65ca7e16f6c2 , .uce5b63335e4d4457576e65ca7e16f6c2 .postImageUrl , .uce5b63335e4d4457576e65ca7e16f6c2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uce5b63335e4d4457576e65ca7e16f6c2 , .uce5b63335e4d4457576e65ca7e16f6c2:hover , .uce5b63335e4d4457576e65ca7e16f6c2:visited , .uce5b63335e4d4457576e65ca7e16f6c2:active { border:0!important; } .uce5b63335e4d4457576e65ca7e16f6c2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uce5b63335e4d4457576e65ca7e16f6c2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uce5b63335e4d4457576e65ca7e16f6c2:active , .uce5b63335e4d4457576e65ca7e16f6c2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uce5b63335e4d4457576e65ca7e16f6c2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uce5b63335e4d4457576e65ca7e16f6c2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uce5b63335e4d4457576e65ca7e16f6c2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uce5b63335e4d4457576e65ca7e16f6c2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uce5b63335e4d4457576e65ca7e16f6c2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uce5b63335e4d4457576e65ca7e16f6c2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uce5b63335e4d4457576e65ca7e16f6c2 .uce5b63335e4d4457576e65ca7e16f6c2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uce5b63335e4d4457576e65ca7e16f6c2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Victorian and Romantic Poetry EssayThroughout the poem, it seems that the poet consciously wants the woman to age. At the beginning of the poem, Clarke writes as if the woman is young in the relationship. In the second stanza, Clarke writes as though the woman has got married and has had children. The last stanza is like the end of the womans life, certainly not the end of the relationship because she believes that her experiences will live on through the books. I think the poet is trying to show that life is short but memories will always outlive them.